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HomeNews5 reasons to be hopeful about the climate – DW – 12/19/2023

5 reasons to be hopeful about the climate – DW – 12/19/2023

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With carbon emissions set to reach record highs this year and global climate action falling short, it can be easy to slide into despair.

But there are many reasons to remain hopeful, according to a new study by the German think tank New Climate Institute.

The study looks at technological and societal progress on limiting warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius (2.7 Fahrenheit) as agreed in Paris in 2015 and highlights key global trends that suggest all is not lost.

Climate awareness is now mainstream 

Understanding of the causes and impacts of climate change has come a long way since the Paris Agreement was adopted, wrote the authors.

Climate change has now become a mainstream issue and is discussed among a larger segment of the population. Media coverage has also increased but so too has climate misinformation and fake news. 

A growing awareness has led to more climate protests, with young people leading global calls for urgent action in movements such as Fridays for Future, Extinction Rebellion, Just Stop Oil and the Last Generation.

A man holds up a piece of paper in celebration. Other people celebrate behind him
Celebrations after a historic 2021 court ruling in The Hague ordering Shell to drastically reduce CO2 emissions Image: Piroschka van de Wouw/REUTERS

And people are taking to the courtroom as well as onto the streets. The report highlights a rising wave of climate litigation against states and companies. Plaintiffs are pushing for compliance with legislation to protect the environment and climate with some success. Germany passed legislation to accelerate greenhouse gas emissions cuts by 2030 after a 2021 Federal Constitutional Court ruling. 

Advances in weather attribution science, which investigates the links between extreme weather and climate change, have helped bolster legal cases.

A net-zero economy is now on the table 

Before the Paris Agreement, the focus of climate policies was on reducing emissions in specific sectors, according to the authors. Today achieving net-zero emissions across the entire economy is the goal for many countries, regions and cities across the globe. 

By the end of 2021, 90% of the global economy included some kind of net-zero target that was leading to discussions of full decarbonization. 

“That was previously politically not acceptable,” stated the report.

Increased ambition has not yet translated into global emissions reductions, but the world is on a better path than before, wrote the authors. 

Businesses and investors are responding to pressure

Sustainable investments were a niche endeavor over a decade ago and have “now become a standard model in the finance world,” according to the report.

The threat of climate litigation against companies is heating up too. Businesses and investors are increasingly responding not only to societal pressure for change but recognizing the growing risk climate change poses to their wealth.

The authors also noted the risk of investing in fossil fuels that could potentially no longer be burned or in infrastructure that may soon become defunct as making banks more reluctant to finance new coal power plants. 

Wind turbines in front of a coal power planet with smoke billowing from the chimneys
Electricity can be generated more cheaply with wind and solar power than with existing coal-fired power plantsImage: H. Blossey/blickwinkel/picture alliance

Many companies are now publishing their climate risks partly on their own initiative or because of new laws. Of the 500 largest US companies listed by credit rating agency Standard & Poor’s, more than 70% also disclose their emissions.

Still, according to the authors, oil and gas-based business models remain very lucrative and still dominate the market. Business models are shifting, but too slowly. Often corporate lobbying is hampering climate action.

Energy systems are transforming

Renewable energy costs have plummeted in the last decade at an even faster speed than predicted. They are now cheaper than new fossil fuels in 90% of the world and the cheapest source of bulk electricity generation.

Renewables such as solar and wind providing the core of global energy systems “is a new normal,” according to the authors. Phasing out fossil fuels “is no longer a question of ‘if’ but ‘when’.” 

At the same time, the supply of renewable power is becoming increasingly decentralized, improving energy access for many private households. Investments in renewables are now five times greater than in fossil fuels.

While gaps in the deployment of wind, heat pumps and electrolyzers used to create hydrogen fuel still exist, the report stated “a paradigm shift on multiple levels towards renewable energy has started that cannot be reversed.” 

Electrification of transport and heating 

Electrification is playing an increasingly important role in transport and heating.

According to the study, electrically powered heat pumps are becoming the “key technology for decarbonization” of building heating systems. Europe saw a 38% increase in sales of heat pumps last year. 

The number of electric cars sold worldwide has also risen much faster than expected. By 2023, 18% of all new cars sold will likely be electric, according to the study. In some countries around the world, they are already standard. All major car manufacturers have pledged to go electric in the next few years and the EU, Canada and Chile have already set deadlines for phasing out combustion engines.

Fact check: Myths about electric vehicles busted

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Although, high prices and the need for more investment in charging infrastructure remain roadblocks, the electrification of vehicles has grown exponentially according to the report. That’s particularly the case in rich industrialized countries and China, where more and more electric trucks and buses are hitting the road.

While far more action is needed to reach the Paris Agreement targets, the authors emphasized that the world can “draw strength” from a continued increase in awareness, knowledge and technical know-how in tackling the climate crisis.

Edited by: Anke Rasper

This article originally appeared in German and was adapted by Holly Young.

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